Student-athletes
notably hold two full-time jobs and in doing so absorb greater
responsibility and greater stress. Due to this inherit condition,
a number of issues come to the surface that challenge today’s
student-athletes. However, in these times of increasing demands,
“wellness” or resiliency in the face of stress is
achievable by all. Therefore, this article will discuss how the
surrounding environment can create this vortex of stress and how anyone
can be a better performer on and off the field.
Core Issues of Student-Athlete
Wellness:
Wellness is not
complete unless we examine it from a tri-part model. The tri-part model
is composed of physical well-being (e.g. eating, sleeping, and physical
conditioning), mental well-being (e.g. concentration, focus, internal
dialog), and lastly, emotional well-being (e.g. daily regulation,
energy management, situational/relationship management).
Student-athletes are challenged (as are we) on all three levels on and
off the fields of play and the challenge is to become more resilient in
the face of increasing stress. This need to be more resilient is
particularly important since the lives of college student-athletes have
become increasingly demanding. For example, it has been found that NCAA
athletes workout, on average, 3 to 6 hours a day. Furthermore,
student-athletes also spend an additional 10 to 20 hours focused on
their sport (e.g. travel, rehab time, meetings etc.), 8 to 15 hours a
week in class (2001, National Student Survey of Student Engagement),
and approximately 10 hours per week preparing for class (2001, National
Student Survey of Student Engagement). Therefore, when you do the math
a student-athlete’s work-week can be a 40 to 60 hour/week!
When looking at these statistics, the
culture of student-athletes seems eerily similar to the culture of the
U.S. workforce. A 60-hour work week was once the path to the top,
however, now it is considered practically part-time. In a study
conducted by Hewlett & Luce (2007, Harvard Business Review),
it was found that in a sample of 1,564 men and women, 56% worked 70+
hours a week, while 9% worked 100 hours or more. Sadly, High School
athlete’s statistics look very similar and, thus, inherit these
circumstances. All too often, we have the perception that athletes are
super-human, larger than life, and unaffected by stress or issues of a
clinical nature. My clinical experience does not support the fallacy of
super-human athletes, but rather reveals the vulnerability of
student-athletes who, at times, work in the extremes.
Student-athletes face issues of adapting to
the athletic lifestyle, pressures through competition/performance,
year-round training, training and overtraining, injury, hazing,
academic performance pressures, drug use and testing, disordered eating
and eating disorders, mood disorders, etc. Athletes pay a price
physically, mentally, and emotionally.
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